Monarch butterfly granted threatened status

Earthtalk

Dear EarthTalk: What is the status of the monarch butterfly in the U.S. and is it listed as threatened or endangered?

— M. Smith, Raleigh, NC

The monarch butterfly, known for its awe-inspiring migration across North America, has become a symbol of both ecological wonder and environmental decline. Once abundant across the continent, their numbers have plummeted in recent decades, raising concerns about the species’ long-term survival.

In 2014, the Center for Biological Diversity, a leading conservation group, petitioned the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service to list the monarch as “threatened.” Fish & Wildlife launched a review of the butterfly’s status, concluding six years later that listing was warranted although other species took priority. In 2022, the Center for Biological Diversity filed a federal lawsuit and won a settlement calling for the government to decide whether to list monarchs by late 2024, which Fish & Wildlife did in December, finally granted “threatened” status to the species.

The monarch’s eastern population, which migrates from the U.S. and Canada to central Mexico for the winter, has experienced a staggering 80% drop over the past 20 years, largely due to habitat loss, especially the destruction of milkweed — the sole food source for monarch larvae. The widespread use of herbicides and pesticides kill both milkweed and other pollinator-friendly plants. Climate is compounding the issue by altering the availability of suitable habitats, affecting migration patterns. The monarch’s western population migrates along the U.S. West Coast to winter in California, and has also seen a drastic decline. It has not yet been listed as threatened or endangered by Fish & Wildlife, but the western monarch is still considered to be in serious jeopardy, with some estimates suggesting a 99% decline since the 1980s.

Being listed as “threatened” means that while monarchs are not yet in immediate danger of extinction, their populations are at significant risk. This status has prompted federal agencies to prioritize monarch conservation, leading to a variety of initiatives aimed at halting or reversing the decline. Fish & Wildlife has created a recovery plan, which includes restoring migratory and breeding habitats, reducing pesticide use and raising public awareness about the importance of monarchs and pollinators in general.

Despite official recognition of the problem and action, habitat destruction continues at an alarming rate, exacerbated by logging and urban sprawl. In response, conservation and governmental agencies and researchers are all working toward restoring monarch habitats and promoting the planting of milkweed.

Everyone can play a role in helping the monarchs. Readers can help by planting milkweed in your garden, backyard or community space. You can also reduce pesticide use in your yard and choose organic gardening practices. Support organizations working to protect monarch habitats and advocate for policies that protect pollinators and raise awareness about their decline can also create broader change.

EarthTalk® is produced by Roddy Scheer & Doug Moss for the 501(c)3 nonprofit EarthTalk.

Latest News

Planning Board hears Cumberland Farms wastewater treatment plan

Cumberland Farms gas station on Route 343 in downtown Amenia.

Photo by Nathan Miller

AMENIA — Expanding the capacity for wastewater handling at the Cumberland Farms site along Route 343, the Planning Board at its regular meeting on Wednesday, Feb. 12, discussed the plans and referred the project on to Dutchess County officials for decision.

Representing Cumberland Farms was Caryn Mlodzianowski, project engineer for Bohler Engineering of Albany, specialists in engineering challenging sites.

Keep ReadingShow less
North East talks fire aid, taxes, cell towers and more at board meeting

MILLERTON — The Town of North East held a board meeting on Thursday, Feb. 13, to create a “memorandum of understanding” contract between the Village of Millerton and the town, explaining how the town will assist the village after its Highway and Water Department building caught fire on Feb. 3.

“The resolution authorizes the town superintendent of highways to assist the Village of Millerton and its highway department with plowing, repair and maintenance of the village highways,” supervisor Chris Kennan said. “Pursuant to provisions of section 142e of the Highway Law, during the period of the Village’s state of emergency.”

Keep ReadingShow less
Village board weighs impact of garage fire; discusses sidewalk work

Village of Millerton offices on Route 22

John Coston

MILLERTON — On Monday, Feb. 10, a board meeting was held, largely centered on the impact of the Feb. 3 fire that destroyed the Village Water and Highway building located on Route 22. In addition to the loss of the building, vehicles, equipment and tools were also destroyed.

“If we go back to the cause, it is still undetermined,” said mayor Jenn Najdek, who stated foul play had been ruled out. She also confirmed the garage remained off-limits as the investigation is still ongoing.

Keep ReadingShow less
The Journal seeks young reporters for summer internship

The Lakeville Journal and Millerton News are seeking young journalists for an educational internship program.

The six week program provides training in the everyday operations of a community weekly. Interns will learn the news-gatheringprocess from pitch to print through regular workshops with industry professionals on topics such as photography, libel and copy-editing.

Keep ReadingShow less